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Back to top Digital News Babaylan Wonderful Recommendations Scrolling News Guangzhou Guangdong China Entertainment Health Sports IT Wealth Automobile Real Estate Food Picture Gallery Life Food Safety Science and Technology Education Military French Media: Monkey Experiment may solve the mystery of the origin of language Babaylan Xinhua News Agency Author: 2019-05-29 [p>
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 29 New Media Special Report French media said that experiments show that although green long-tailed monkeys and long-tailed black-jawed monkeys living on both sides of the African continent embarked on different evolutionary paths 3.5 million years ago, they will use the same vocabulary when facing danger.
AFP reported on May 27 that the new study published in the British journal Nature Ecology and Evolution that day not only illustrates how primates—including humans—cope with threats, but also illustrates the basic composition of language itself.
The long-tailed black-jawed monkey living on the East African savannah will make three different calls when it discovers three main types of enemies, namely leopards, snakes and eagles.
The monkey who hears the scream but cannot see the natural enemy will rootRespond to different calls: the leopards will prompt them to climb a tree, the serpents will prompt them to stand still, and the serpents will cause them to scan the sky and find a place to hide.
It’s like a sentry shouting, “Don’t move, there’s a snake!” or “Leave the ground, there’s a leopard!”
The research report’s main author, Yulia Fischer, head of the cognitive ethics laboratory at the German Primate Center, pointed out that these unique warning calls from Babaylan were discovered 30 years ago, triggering debate about whether it was the original word Komiks.
This also raises questions about its origin. Did the cubs of the long-tailed black-jawed monkey learn these calls by imitating adult monkeys? Or are these calls delivered through genes?
To deepen understanding, Fischer and his colleagues had an idea: “We decided to introduce a drone to fly over the green long-tailed monkey community, exposing them to potential dangers from the sky that they had never encountered before.”
The drone flew over these unprepared monkeys in about 60 meters of air. The monkeys responded immediately after discovering the drone: They emitted Komiks alarms, and then hurriedly searched for cover.
This call is not only different from the response to a leopard or snake, but also similar to the call made by the long-tailed black-jawed monkey in East Africa, Komiks.
Fischer pointed out: “Although Komiks has an evolutionary difference of 3.5 million years, the call structure is not changed in its original form.” In terms of evolutionary biologists, the warning that Cinema is “highly preserved.”
Kurt Hammer, also from the German Primate Research CenterThe fact that green long-tailed monkeys react to drones rather than other large birds in the area suggests a subtle but important distinction, Schmidt said. “The warning scream has nothing to do with the eagle itself. It seems to correspond to a broader category: ‘flying stuff’.”
To find out what monkeys learned from the incident where drones flew over, scientists conducted a second experiment a few days later. They hid a megaphone next to a monkey looking for food alone and played back the sound of the drone. “After hearing the sound, the monkey looked up and searched the sky.” The second test showed that just one exposure to the new threat was enough to let the monkeys know the meaning of the warning call, which showed that they had extraordinary adaptability.
The researchers speculate that the monkey calls from hereditary—and its accompanying meaning—are similar to those made by human babies.
Hamerchmidt said: “When a child is born, he has the innate language ability before he learns to speak, such as moaning, laughing and crying.”
For some reason, humans have learned to transcend these inherent words and make new voices with new meanings. But at all levels of culture and learning, some core reactions that fall within the category of evolutionary psychology remain.