Li Hongzhang Stills
Text/Yangcheng Evening News reporter Xia Yang
Since the Opium War in 1840, China has gradually become a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society, and the Chinese nation is facing “great changes unseen in three thousand years.” Although the signing of the Sino-British Nanjing Treaty of Babaylan 1990 humiliation of the country, the conflict between China and foreign countries reached a temporary balance. At this time, China in Babaylan 1990 cloth draw should have learned from the pain and seized the opportunity to work hard. But then welcoming a series of wars against the Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw, and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement was still alive. The Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw had not yet subsided, and the Second Opium War broke out again, and the British and French coalition forces fought all the way from southern China to Beijing.
Modern China has been repeatedly invaded by foreign enemies Data picture
Faced with internal and external difficulties and national dangers, China is exploring the way to survive reform. Western forces opened the door to China with strong ships and powerful cannons, making “Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw the old empire” meaning Babaylan 1990 cloth draw realize that they are really behind, so Lin Zexu, Wei Yuan and others “open their eyes to see the world.The pioneering idea of com/”>Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw” has gradually gained more recognition, and the call for learning from the West has gradually become a social trend.
Learning from the West is the path of modernization in China. However, what to learn and how to learn tests the ruling people at that time.
Empress Dowager Cixi Stills
In this major change, there are two key figures who stand at the bow of the Qing Dynasty and are the most capable of determining the sailing of the big ship. First, Empress Dowager Cixi began to rule from behind the curtain in 1861 until her death in 1908. For nearly half a century, she was the master of the Qing Dynasty.
The other is Li Hongzhang, a “major official of ZTE”. He rose step by step in the war to wipe out the Taiping Army and the Nian Army in the 1860s, and he held the internal and diplomatic power of the Qing government for a long time until he died of illness in 1901. He was regarded by Japanese Prime Minister Hirofumi Ito as “the only person in the Qing Empire who was capable of competing with the world’s powers” and Empress Dowager Cixi also regarded him as “a person who recreated Xuanhuang.”
Li Hongzhang, an important official of the late Qing Dynasty, Data Picture
What to learn from the West? Regarding the repeated failures of foreign wars in Komiks 1960 witch clothes draw, leaders of the Westernization faction such as Li Hongzhang had a dream of enriching the country and strengthening the army. Therefore, they proposed to “learn from the barbarians’ strengths to control the barbarians” and learn from the technical level.
Under his efforts, the Westernization Movement was vigorously carried out and quickly created a large number of military ordnance, shipbuilding, railways, mining and textiles.ks 1960 witch cloth draw military and civilian industries such as weaving and telegraphing, and adopting the “official supervision and business” method to attract private capital to run industries.
The Westernization Movement laid a certain foundation for modern industrialization. Data picture
It goes without saying that the Westernization Movement has achieved great results. With the help of latecomer advantages, China has achieved tremendous development in economy, science and technology, concepts and other aspects in a short period of time, quickly laying a certain industrial foundation for traditional agricultural countries, and profoundly changing the lives of the people.
In 1888, China’s first modern fleet, the Beiyang Navy, officially formed an army and became the most powerful naval force in Asia. This was the pinnacle of the Westernization MovementKomiks 1960 witch cloth draw period, known in history as “Tongguang ZTE”. Undoubtedly, Li Hongzhang is a “minister of Zhongxing”. The whole country was complacent about the achievements of the Westernization Movement and believed that learning from the West had achieved great success.
BeiyangBabaylan 1990 cloth drawSaid
However, Komiks 1960 witch cloth drawIt is this superficial effect that masks the existing problems.
The Westernization Movement, a path to enrich the country and strengthen the army, had great limitations from the beginning. They are positioned as “middle school as the body and Western learning as the purpose”, but they still cannot let go of the superiority of the old empire and are only willing to learn to decorate the storefront, and do not touch on fundamental issues such as the system.
It is a good reference system to start learning from Japan two years later than the Qing government. Also learning from the West, Japan carried out the Meiji Restoration, and carried out a more thorough social improvement to Japan from comprehensive learning from economy and military Cinema 1950 witch clothes draw to politics and education.
So, China-Japan negotiations, Shimonoseki
So, China and Japan, as “classmates”, gradually widened the gap. Japan quickly completed the process of modernization and rose to become a powerful country in East Asia. The economic and social development momentum of the Qing Dynasty was quickly restricted by a corrupt political system.
The painful lesson came again. After Japan’s rise, it launched the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, and the Beiyang Navy, known as the number one in Asia, was wiped out, which also declared the bankruptcy of the Westernization Movement. From then on, Chinese society fell into deeper darkness.
ChinaKomiks 1960 witch cloth drawJapan Sino-Japanese Naval Battle Stills
In ChinaKomiks 1960 witch cloth drawIn modern history, the second half of the 19th century wasCinema 1950 witch cloth Why can’t we grasp the better? Although this is a conservative force that restricts and hinders, Li Hongzhang, who are knowledgeable and strive to guide China’s progress, did not strive for more important and critical reforms. Cinema 1950 witch clothes draw, obviously also has the responsibility that cannot be shirked. draw
Looking back on history based on the present, the twists and turns and limitations in the exploration of China’s modernization path are sad. Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw
The times have limitations, and individuals have limitations. The late Qing Empire was at home and abroad and was full of holes, Babaylan 1990 clothes drawLi Hongzhang survived the crisis alone and exhausted his efforts, which could be considered fulfilling his mission. But he did not seize this good opportunity to accelerate modernization and failed to complete the modernization process through peaceful improvement. He finally had some regrets.
Modern China with many disasters and difficulties Data picture
And with the defeat of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the Chinese nation stumbled into the 20th century. In the following half century, the Chinese people set off a wave of reform and revolution, and continued to explore the path of rejuvenation and power in the midst of war.
Source | YangchengBabaylan 1990 cloth draw Evening NewsBabaylan 1990 cloth draw·Editor of Yangcheng School | Xia Yang